Water Pollution through Pharmaceutical Compounds and Their Remediation

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural resources, University of Guilan

Abstract

In recent years, population growth and the expansion of various industries, including the pharmaceutical sector and the consumption of pharmaceutical products, have led to the contamination of water resources, thereby contributing to broader environmental pollution. Pharmaceuticals in groundwater, which serves as the primary source of drinking water in many countries and regions, have been extensively studied over the past decade. This article reviews the presence of various pharmaceutical groups in groundwater, with a particular focus on the effects of diclofenac on sensitive populations and the methods for mitigating this pollution. The study found that the optimal conditions for the removal of diclofenac were pH = 6, carbon concentration = 0.8 grams per liter, and a temperature of 20°C. Additionally, the effect of contact time at three different diclofenac concentrations was evaluated and presented in a graphical format.

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